They can also change under the influence of official The leaders ideology. Established norms affect which segments of the labour market are available to women. One of the reasons for the wage gap is the glass ceiling—the low numbers of women in senior management at state institutions and private companies.
In Russia, women occupy about 40% of leadership positions—more than in France, the United States and other developed countries—but this figure varies greatly in different sectors of the economy.
There are many women in The leaders
Senior positions in education and medicine, but few in other guatemala whatsapp number data 5 million industries. and institutions are rarely women. The sentiment that men make better leaders than women is more widespread in Russia than in other countries, and has been growing in recent years. This harms women’s chances of taking up senior positions and getting high-paying jobs.
Anna Lukyanova, Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Labour Market Studies, spoke about the impact of digitalization on the wage gap. The digital skills gap between men and women in Russia is small, which brings it closer to developed countries. In 2018, more best ides for developers of almost any language than 80% of working women and more than 75% of men regularly used a computer.
Most men and women have
Average-level digital skills (64% of employed women experience mobile lead but and 68% of men in 2018). However, only 0.6% of employed women have the highest level of computer skills, compared to 3.3% of men. At the same time, significantly fewer working women have low-level digital skills (10% versus 18% for men).
Olga Lazareva, Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Economic Sciences
Mikhail Dmitriev/HSE University
When a computer skills variable is added to the Mincer earnings function, digitalization does not become a new source of discrimination: men and women receive approximately the same bonuses for new competencies and get promoted to more digitalized professions, said Anna Lukyanova.